{"id":238163,"date":"2021-04-05T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/co-je-to-fosfatidylserin\/"},"modified":"2025-09-18T14:35:56","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T13:35:56","slug":"co-je-to-fosfatidylserin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/co-je-to-fosfatidylserin\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to fosfatidylser\u00edn?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010co je fosfatidylser\u00edn? Mo\u017eno si to ani neuvedomujeme, ale v\u0161etci konzumujeme fosfatidylser\u00edn ka\u017edodenne. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine z n\u00e1s jeho spr\u00e1vna hladina st\u00e1le ch\u00fdba. Fosfatidylser\u00edn je dostupn\u00fd v mnoh\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch, vr\u00e1tane s\u00f3je (ktor\u00e1 je jeho hlavn\u00fdm zdrojom), bielej fazuli, vaje\u010dn\u00fdch \u017e\u013atkoch, kuracej pe\u010deni a hov\u00e4dzej pe\u010deni. Bohu\u017eia\u013e je pre na\u0161e telo pomerne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 absorbova\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo z potravy. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m vysvetl\u00edme, \u010do je fosfatidylser\u00edn a \u010di naozaj ide o naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ie pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 nootropikum?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je fosfatidylser\u00edn?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"nervov\u00e1<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fosfatidylser\u00edn je fosfolipid bunkovej membr\u00e1ny. Je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou membr\u00e1ny ka\u017edej z na\u0161ich 20 bili\u00f3nov buniek. V tele tvor\u00ed asi 2 – 15% na\u0161ich bunkov\u00fdch membr\u00e1n, ale najvy\u0161\u0161iu hladinu fosfatidylser\u00ednu n\u00e1jdeme v mozgu, kde je jeho pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 a kde predstavuje 10\u201320% z celkov\u00e9ho mno\u017estva fosfolipidov (1). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 jednotky mozgu a nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa neur\u00f3ny (nervov\u00e9 bunky). V\u00fdstupn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 neur\u00f3nu je zn\u00e1ma aj ako ax\u00f3n (nervov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno); ke\u010f chce neur\u00f3n komunikova\u0165 s in\u00fdm neur\u00f3nom, vy\u0161le elektrick\u00fa spr\u00e1vu pr\u00e1ve cez ax\u00f3n. Ax\u00f3ny s\u00fa pokryt\u00e9 vrstvou, naz\u00fdvanou myel\u00ednov\u00fd obal. Tento myel\u00ednov\u00fd obal chr\u00e1ni a izoluje ax\u00f3n a umo\u017e\u0148uje prenos elektrick\u00fdch sign\u00e1lov medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi neur\u00f3nmi r\u00fdchlo a efekt\u00edvne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Myel\u00ednov\u00fd obal je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 bohat\u00fd na fosfatidylser\u00edn. V poslednej dobe sa zistilo, \u017ee fosfatidylser\u00edn zlep\u0161uje neur\u00f3nov\u00e9 funkcie a pom\u00e1ha pri funk\u010dnej regener\u00e1cii a obnove norm\u00e1lnych funkci\u00ed po\u0161koden\u00fdch neur\u00f3nov (2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fosfatidylser\u00edn v mozgu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ned\u00e1vny objav kritickej \u00falohy fosfatidylser\u00ednu pri aktiv\u00e1cii d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9ho prenosu sign\u00e1lu a modul\u00e1cii uvo\u013e\u0148ovania k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch neurotransmiterov (acetylchol\u00edn, norepinefr\u00edn, seroton\u00edn a dopam\u00edn) a funkcii receptorov obnovil z\u00e1ujem o fosfatidylser\u00edn vo vz\u0165ahu k mozgov\u00fdm funkci\u00e1m (3 – 5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nasleduj\u00faci obr\u00e1zok zobrazuje fosfolipidov\u00fa dvojvrstvu bunkov\u00fdch membr\u00e1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"fosfatidylser\u00edn<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Acetylchol\u00edn (Ach) sa \u010dasto ozna\u010duje ako \u201einteligentn\u00fd\u201c neurotransmiter a je nevyhnutn\u00fd pre u\u010denie, pam\u00e4\u0165 a zvy\u0161ovanie na\u0161ej pozornosti prostredn\u00edctvom \u201echolinergn\u00fdch\u201c prenosov (acetylchol\u00ednov\u00fdch synapsi\u00ed). Je vyroben\u00fd z acetyl-CoA a chol\u00ednu a preto je chol\u00edn \u010dasto zahrnut\u00fd v nootropick\u00fdch l\u00e1tkach. Norepinefr\u00edn (zn\u00e1my aj ako noradrenal\u00edn) je sp\u00e1jan\u00fd s du\u0161evnou energiou, s\u00fastreden\u00edm a bdelos\u0165ou. Dopam\u00edn je spojen\u00fd s motiv\u00e1ciou a koncentr\u00e1ciou. Seroton\u00edn je spojen\u00fd s dobrou n\u00e1ladou a zlep\u0161en\u00fdm sp\u00e1nkom, nedostatok seroton\u00ednu je pomerne intenz\u00edvne spojen\u00fd s depresiou a slabou koncentr\u00e1ciou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1ve tieto \u00fa\u010dinky na neurotransmitery sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa, \u017ee si \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa fosfatidylser\u00edn, v\u0161imn\u00fa jeden ve\u013emi zrete\u013en\u00fd rozdiel. \u010casto maj\u00fa pocit, \u017ee ich mozog funguje ako keby lep\u0161ie a myslenie je jasnej\u0161ie. Dok\u00e1\u017eu sa \u013eah\u0161ie s\u00fastredi\u0165, koncentrova\u0165, pam\u00e4taj\u00fa si men\u00e1 a miesta z minulosti, dok\u00e1\u017eu formulova\u0165 jasn\u00e9 a \u013eahko zrozumite\u013en\u00e9 vety a benefitom je aj dobr\u00e1 n\u00e1lada a lep\u0161\u00ed sp\u00e1nok. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fosfatidylser\u00edn a jeho benefity<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ned\u00e1vne \u0161t\u00fadie uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee or\u00e1lne pod\u00e1vanie fosfatidylser\u00ednu zlep\u0161uje poruchy pam\u00e4ti<\/a>,  ku ktor\u00fdm doch\u00e1dza po\u010das norm\u00e1lneho procesu starnutia \u010dloveka (6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"cholinergick\u00e1<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161ou k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou v\u00fdhodou fosfatidylser\u00ednu je jeho \u00fa\u010dinok na oblasti mozgu v hypotalame a hipokampe. Obe tieto oblasti spolupracuj\u00fa na regul\u00e1cii uvo\u013e\u0148ovania kortizolu, ktor\u00fd je hlavn\u00fdm stresov\u00fdm horm\u00f3nom tela, uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00fdm z k\u00f4ry nadobli\u010diek. Kortizol pracuje v slu\u010dke takzvanej sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby, tak\u017ee ak sa uvo\u013en\u00ed dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo, hypotalamus a hipokampus tento stav zaeviduj\u00fa. N\u00e1sledne zni\u017euj\u00fa mno\u017estvo CRH (horm\u00f3n uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00faci kortikotrop\u00edn), uvo\u013e\u0148ovan\u00e9 z hypotalamu, \u010do vedie k hypof\u00fdze k produkcii men\u0161ieho mno\u017estva ACTH (adrenokortikotropn\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu). Tento horm\u00f3n riadi nadobli\u010dky, aby produkovali menej kortizolu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f sa v\u0161ak chronicky zv\u00fd\u0161ia hladiny kortizolu, napr\u00edklad – ak trp\u00edme chronick\u00fdm stresom, hypotalamus a hipokampus str\u00e1caj\u00fa citlivos\u0165 na kortizol. D\u00f4sledkom je stav, kedy uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie CRH a ACTH nie je zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9, tak\u017ee produkcia kortizolu v nadobli\u010dk\u00e1ch nie je \u201cvypnut\u00e1\u201d. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee organizmus sa mus\u00ed popasova\u0165 s chronicky vysokou hladinou kortizolu. Fosfatidylser\u00edn m\u00f4\u017ee op\u00e4tovne senzibilizova\u0165 bunky hypotalamu a hipokampu k citlivosti na kortizol, aby op\u00e4\u0165 \u201azaznamen\u00e1vali\u2018 sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu a zn\u00ed\u017eili hladinu CRH a ACTH, \u010doho \u00fa\u010dinkom je zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 produkcia kortizolu (5,6,7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hladina fosfatidylser\u00ednu v tele kles\u00e1 s prirodzen\u00fdm starnut\u00edm organizmu a zn\u00ed\u017eenie hladiny fosfatidylser\u00ednu s\u00favis\u00ed s kognit\u00edvnymi poruchami a patogen\u00e9zou Alzheimerovej choroby (AD) (10, 11).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"u\u017e\u00edvajte<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy, podporuj\u00face \u00falohu fosfatidylser\u00ednu ako nootropika <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Aktu\u00e1lna \u0161t\u00fadia z roku 2020 zistila, \u017ee doplnky v\u00fd\u017eivy s fosfatidylser\u00ednom<\/a> v\u00fdznamne zv\u00fd\u0161ili odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di oxida\u010dn\u00e9mu stresu, zn\u00ed\u017eili reakciu organizmu na prirodzen\u00e9 starnutie a okrem pred\u013a\u017eenia d\u013a\u017eky \u017eivota m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 aj prevent\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok na choroby, s\u00favisiace s vekom (12).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oxida\u010dn\u00fd stres zohr\u00e1va k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri vzniku chor\u00f4b, s\u00favisiacich s vekom vr\u00e1tane artrit\u00eddy, cukrovky, demencie, rakoviny, ateroskler\u00f3zy, vaskul\u00e1rnych chor\u00f4b, obezity, osteopor\u00f3zy a metabolick\u00fdch syndr\u00f3mov, \u010do bolo dok\u00e1zan\u00e9 aj v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch (13,14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161ia ned\u00e1vna \u0161t\u00fadia, hodnotiaca \u00falohy a d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 fosfatidylser\u00ednu zistila, \u017ee suplement\u00e1cia (300 – 800 mg denne) bezpe\u010dne spoma\u013euje alebo zvr\u00e1ti zmeny a zhor\u0161enie stavu nervov\u00fdch buniek a podporuje kognit\u00edvne funkcie. Patr\u00ed sem napr\u00edklad formovanie kr\u00e1tkodobej pam\u00e4te, konsolid\u00e1cia dlhodobej pam\u00e4te, schopnos\u0165 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 nov\u00e9 spomienky, vybavi\u0165 si spomienky, schopnos\u0165 u\u010di\u0165 sa a o\u017eivi\u0165 si inform\u00e1cie, schopnos\u0165 zamera\u0165 pozornos\u0165 a s\u00fastredi\u0165 sa, schopnos\u0165 uva\u017eova\u0165 a rie\u0161i\u0165 probl\u00e9my, jazykov\u00e9 znalosti a schopnos\u0165 komunik\u00e1cie. Podporuje tie\u017e pohybov\u00e9 funkcie, najm\u00e4 r\u00fdchle reakcie a reflexy (15).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia z roku 2011 testovala 18 mu\u017eov, nav\u0161tevuj\u00facich stredn\u00fa \u0161kolu, po 14 d\u0148och suplement\u00e1cie 400 mg fosfatidylser\u00ednu pomocou s\u00e9riov\u00e9ho testu od\u010d\u00edtania (tj. od\u010d\u00edtavan\u00edm \u010d\u00edsel od 100 smerom nadol po 7, 6 , pr\u00edpadne 3 at\u010f.). Zistilo sa, \u017ee skupina, ktor\u00e1 u\u017e\u00edvala fosfatidylser\u00edn, zn\u00ed\u017eila \u010das potrebn\u00fd na spr\u00e1vny v\u00fdpo\u010det o 20%, zn\u00ed\u017eila takisto celkov\u00fd po\u010det ch\u00fdb o 39% a zv\u00fd\u0161ila po\u010det spr\u00e1vnych v\u00fdpo\u010dtov o 13% v porovnan\u00ed so skupinou, u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facou placebo(16).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"fosfatidylser\u00edn<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Dve otvoren\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie na star\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkoch, trpiacich miernym kognit\u00edvnym poklesom (strata pam\u00e4ti sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 starnut\u00edm u \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa inak klinicky zdrav\u00ed) zistili, \u017ee suplement\u00e1cia 300 mg fosfatidylser\u00ednu denne zlep\u0161ila kognit\u00edvny v\u00fdkon. Lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon bol zaznamenan\u00fd v testoch verb\u00e1lneho u\u010denia, verb\u00e1lnej plynulosti, spom\u00ednan\u00ed, plynulosti pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch slov, vizu\u00e1lnom u\u010den\u00ed, lep\u0161ej pozornosti, komunika\u010dn\u00fdch schopnostiach, iniciat\u00edve, socializ\u00e1cii a sebesta\u010dnosti (17,18). Podobn\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia, ktor\u00e1 trvala 90 dn\u00ed, priniesla rovnak\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, ale takisto zistila, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci \u0161t\u00fadie zlep\u0161ili svoju schopnos\u0165 vybavi\u0165 si men\u00e1 a tv\u00e1re (19).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie, t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa pam\u00e4ti a fosfatidylser\u00ednu zistili, \u017ee u star\u0161\u00edch os\u00f4b, poci\u0165uj\u00facich zhor\u0161enie pam\u00e4ti, do\u0161lo k 42% zv\u00fd\u0161eniu ich schopnosti spomen\u00fa\u0165 si na slov\u00e1 (20), ako aj k dosiahnutiu v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho zlep\u0161enia rozpozn\u00e1vania z pam\u00e4te, vybavovania si z pam\u00e4te, v\u00fdkonn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed a ment\u00e1lnej flexibility (21) po doplnen\u00ed 300 mg denne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roku 2015 sa zistilo, \u017ee suplement\u00e1cia fosfatidylser\u00ednom redukuje pr\u00edznaky depresie u star\u0161\u00edch jedincov, a to zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm baz\u00e1lnych koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed kortizolu (22).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roku 2016 in\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia preuk\u00e1zala s\u00favislosti medzi doplnkami v\u00fd\u017eivy, regul\u00e1ciou kortizolu, sp\u00e1nkom a mo\u017en\u00fdmi d\u00f4sledkami pre riziko Alzheimerovej choroby. Preuk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee suplement\u00e1cia fosfatidylser\u00ednu pom\u00e1ha pri obnove koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed kortizolu, dok\u00e1\u017ee tak u\u013eavi\u0165 pri poruch\u00e1ch sp\u00e1nku a regulova\u0165 kvalitu sp\u00e1nku. Obe tieto funkcie u\u013eah\u010duj\u00fa regener\u00e1ciu mozgu a pozit\u00edvne zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa alebo zvy\u0161uj\u00fa mozgov\u00e9 funkcie a n\u00e1sledne zni\u017euj\u00fa aj riziko kognit\u00edvnych por\u00fach a demencie (23).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suplement\u00e1cia fosfatidylser\u00ednu bola navy\u0161e spojen\u00e1 s pocitom men\u0161ieho stresu a lep\u0161ej n\u00e1lady u mlad\u0161\u00edch dospel\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed po\u010das obdobia jedn\u00e9ho mesiaca u\u017e\u00edvali 300 mg doplnku ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 (24).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zistenia tie\u017e nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee fosfatidylser\u00edn je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm doplnkom v boji proti stresu, vyvolan\u00e9mu cvi\u010den\u00edm a v prevencii proti fyziologick\u00e9mu zhor\u0161eniu funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 sprievodn\u00fdm javom nadmern\u00e9ho cvi\u010denia. Suplement\u00e1cia fosfatidylser\u00ednu podporuje po\u017eadovan\u00fd hormon\u00e1lny stav pre \u0161portovcov tlmen\u00edm zvy\u0161ovania hladiny kortizolu (25,26).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fosfatidylser\u00edn m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri pr\u00edznakoch, spojen\u00fdch s ADHD. Napr\u00edklad \u0161t\u00fadia z roku 2014 v Japonsku zistila, \u017ee deti vo veku od 4 do 14 rokov, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvali ako doplnok v\u00fd\u017eivy 200 mg fosfatidylser\u00ednu denne, v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161ili svoju kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165, vylep\u0161ili sa im aj probl\u00e9my s nepozornos\u0165ou a zn\u00ed\u017eila sa impulz\u00edvnos\u0165 (27).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"zlep\u0161ite<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 je najlep\u0161ie odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 d\u00e1vkovanie fosfatidylser\u00ednu?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e1 d\u00e1vka fosfatidylser\u00ednu je 100 mg, u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch 3-kr\u00e1t denne, spolu s jedlom<\/a>. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee t\u00e1to d\u00e1vka pom\u00e1ha \u013eu\u010fom, trpiacim \u00fatlmom kognit\u00edvnych funkci\u00ed a \u013eu\u010fom, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa zlep\u0161i\u0165 svoje kognit\u00edvne funkcie (28).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Av\u0161ak pri akomko\u013evek doplnku je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 posudzova\u0165 dop\u013a\u0148an\u00e9 hladiny na z\u00e1klade va\u0161ich individu\u00e1lnych po\u017eiadaviek, neexistuje univerz\u00e1lne d\u00e1vkovanie pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s. To plat\u00ed najm\u00e4 pre t\u00fdch z n\u00e1s, ktor\u00ed by radi u\u017e\u00edvali fosfatidylser\u00edn ako prostriedok na vysok\u00e9 hladiny kortizolu a u\u013eavili si tak pri strese. Vo vedeck\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch sme zistili, \u017ee \u013eudia s vysok\u00fdmi hladinami kortizolu m\u00f4\u017eu potrebova\u0165 viac ako 300 mg denne, aby zmenili svoj aktu\u00e1lny stav a niektor\u00ed mo\u017eno bud\u00fa potrebova\u0165 a\u017e 800 mg d\u00e1vku denne (15).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akon\u00e1hle si telo vytvor\u00ed dostato\u010dn\u00fa hladinu fosfatidylser\u00ednu a hladina kortizolu sa vr\u00e1ti do norm\u00e1lu, je mo\u017en\u00e9 t\u00fato vysok\u00fa d\u00e1vku fosfatidylser\u00ednu zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 na norm\u00e1lnu hodnotu. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 je pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pri d\u00e1vkovan\u00ed zdrav\u00fd rozum a pozorne sledova\u0165 ak\u00e9ko\u013evek zmeny va\u0161ich sympt\u00f3mov. Za\u010dnite s d\u00e1vkou 100 mg denne a pomaly ju zvy\u0161ujte – prid\u00e1van\u00edm 100 mg denne – ka\u017ed\u00fdch 4 a\u017e 5 dn\u00ed. Ak kedyko\u013evek po zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed d\u00e1vky zist\u00edte, \u017ee ste viac \u201erozladen\u00ed\u201c alebo rozru\u0161en\u00ed, pr\u00edpadne sa nejako zmenil aj v\u00e1\u0161 sp\u00e1nok, je to jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l, \u017ee ste dosiahli maxim\u00e1lnu d\u00e1vku a mali by ste preto p\u00f4vodn\u00fa d\u00e1vku zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Zanotti, A., Rubini, R., Calderini, G., and Toffano, G., 1987, Pharmacological properties of phosphatidylserine: effects on memory function, in: \u201cNutrients and Brain Function,\u201d W.B. Essman, ed., Karger, Basel, pp. 95\u2013102.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(2) Abay ZC, Wong MY, Teoh JS, Vijayaraghavan T, Hilliard MA,Neumann B (2017) Phosphatidylserine save-me signals drive functional recovery of severed axons in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 114, E10196\u2013E10205. 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) Kim, H. Y., Huang, B. X., & Spector, A. A. (2014). Phosphatidylserine in the brain: metabolism and function. Progress in lipid research, 56, 1\u201318.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(4) Crook TH, Tinklenberg J, Yesavage J, Petrie W, Nunzi MG, Massari DC. Effects of phosphatidylserine in age-associated memory impairment. Neurology 1991;41:644\u20139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(5) Crook T, Petrie W, Wells C, Massari DC. Effects of phosphatidylserine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Psychopharmacol Bull 1992;28:61\u20136.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(6) Lee B, Sur BJ, Han JJ, Shim I, Her S, Lee YS, Lee HJ, Hahm DH(2015) Oral administration of squid lecithin-transphos-phatidylatedphosphatidylserineimprovesmemoryimpairment in aged rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol BiolPsychiatry 56:1\u201310.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(7) Monteleone P, Maj M, Beinat L, Natale M, Kemali D, Blunting by chronic phosphatidylserine administration of the stress-induced activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in healthy men. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;42(4):385-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(8) Monteleone P, Beinat L, Tanzillo C, Maj M, Kemali D, Effects of phosphatidylserine on the neuroendocrine response to physical stress in humans, Neuroendocrinology. 1990 Sep;52(3):243-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(9) Hellhammer J, Hero T, Franz N, Contreras C, Schubert M. Omega-3 fatty acids administered in phosphatidylserine improved certain aspects of high chronic stress in men. Nutr Res. 2012 Apr;32(4):241-50.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(10) Cunnane SC, Schneider JA, Tangney C, Tremblay-Mercier J,Fortier M, Bennett DA, Morris MC (2012) Plasma and brain fatty acid profiles in mild cognitive impairment andAlzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 29:691\u2013697.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(11) Suleimanova RR, Hudz EA, Melnychuk DO, Kalachniuk LH(2017) Age-related changes phospholipids of sterlet in liver and dorsal muscles. Ukr Biochem J 89:71\u201375.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(12) Kim, B., Park, S. Phosphatidylserine modulates response to oxidative stress through hormesis and increases lifespan via DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biogerontology (2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(13) Liguori, I., Russo, G., Curcio, F., Bulli, G., Aran, L., Della-Morte, D., Gargiulo, G., Testa, G., Cacciatore, F., Bonaduce, D., & Abete, P. (2018). Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases. Clinical interventions in aging, 13, 757\u2013772.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(14) H Van Remmen, Oxidative Stress And Age-related Diseases, Innovation In Aging, Volume 2, Issue Suppl_1, 1 November 2018, Page 347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(15) Michael J. Glade Ph.D., Kyl Smith D.C., Phosphatidylserine and the human brain, Nutrition 31 (2015) 781\u2013786<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(16) Parker AG1, Gordon J, Thornton A, Byars A, Lubker J, Bartlett M, Byrd M, Oliver J, Simbo S, Rasmussen C, Greenwood M, Kreider RB, The effects of IQ PLUS Focus on cognitive function, mood and endocrine response before and following acute exercise, J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011 Oct 21;8:16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(17) Kidd, Parris. (1996). Phosphatidylserine; Membrane Nutrient for Memory. A Clinical and Mechanistic Assessment. Altern. Med. Rev..1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(18) Caffara P, Santamaria V. The effects of phosphatidylserine in patients with mild cognitive decline. An open trial. Clin Trials J 1987;24:109\u201314.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(19) ] Schreiber S, Kampf-Sherf O, Gorfine M, Kelly D, Oppenheim Y, Lerer B. An open trial of plant-source derived phosphatidylserine for treatment of age-related cognitive decline. Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci 2000;37:302\u20137.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(20) Richter Y, Herzog Y, Cohen T, Steinhart Y. The effect of phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids on memory abilities in subjects with subjective memory complaints: a pilot study. Clin Interv Aging 2010;5: 313\u20136.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(21) Richter Y, Herzog Y, Lifshitz Y, Hayun R, Zchut S. The effect of soybean derived phosphatidylserine on cognitive performance in elderly with subjective memory complaints: a pilot study. Clin Interv Aging 2013;8: 557\u201363.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(22) Komori T. The Effects of Phosphatidylserine and Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Containing Supplement on Late Life Depression. Ment Illn 2015;7:5647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(23) Pistollato, F., Sumalla Cano, S., Elio, I., Masias Vergara, M., Giampieri, F., & Battino, M. (2016). Associations between Sleep, Cortisol Regulation, and Diet: Possible Implications for the Risk of Alzheimer Disease. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 7(4), 679\u2013689.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(24) Benton D, Donohoe RT, Sillance B, Nabb S: The Influence of phosphatidylserine supplementation on mood and heart rate when faced with an acute stressor. Nutr Neurosci. 2001, 4 (3): 169-178.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(25) Starks, M.A., Starks, S.L., Kingsley, M. et al. The effects of phosphatidylserine on endocrine response to moderate intensity exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 5, 11 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(26) Hellhammer, J., Vogt, D., Franz, N., Freitas, U., & Rutenberg, D. (2014). A soy-based phosphatidylserine\/ phosphatidic acid complex (PAS) normalizes the stress reactivity of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis in chronically stressed male subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Lipids in health and disease, 13, 121.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(27) Hirayama S, Terasawa K, Rabeler R, Hirayama T, Inoue T, Tatsumi Y, Purpura M, J\u00e4ger R, The effect of phosphatidylserine administration on memory and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014 Apr;27 Suppl 2:284-91.(28) \u201cPhosphatidylserine,\u201d Examine.com<\/a>, published on 10 April 2013, last updated on 14 June 2018.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010co je fosfatidylser\u00edn? Mo\u017eno si to ani neuvedomujeme, ale v\u0161etci konzumujeme fosfatidylser\u00edn ka\u017edodenne. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine z n\u00e1s jeho spr\u00e1vna hladina st\u00e1le ch\u00fdba. Fosfatidylser\u00edn je dostupn\u00fd v mnoh\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch, vr\u00e1tane s\u00f3je (ktor\u00e1 je jeho hlavn\u00fdm zdrojom), bielej fazuli, vaje\u010dn\u00fdch \u017e\u013atkoch, kuracej pe\u010deni a hov\u00e4dzej pe\u010deni. Bohu\u017eia\u013e je pre na\u0161e telo pomerne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 absorbova\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo z…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":132171,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3172],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-238163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vyziva"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":3172,"label":"V\u00fd\u017eiva"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/phosphatidylserine-the-most-effective-natural-nootropic-02-1024x512.jpg",1024,512,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"David Pashley","author_link":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/author\/david\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":3172,"name":"V\u00fd\u017eiva","slug":"vyziva","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3172,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":46,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3172,"category_count":46,"category_description":"","cat_name":"V\u00fd\u017eiva","category_nicename":"vyziva","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"wpml":{"language":"sk-sk","is_original":true,"original_post_id":238163,"translations":{"sk-sk":{"id":238163,"language":"sk-sk","is_original":true}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/238163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=238163"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/238163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":238707,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/238163\/revisions\/238707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/132171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=238163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=238163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=238163"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eu.intelligentlabs.org\/sk-sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=238163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}